The Sun, The Genome, and The Internet: Tools of Scientific Revolution (Nypl/Oup Lectures) | 
 enlarge | Author: Freeman J. Dyson
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Category: Book
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Avg. Customer Rating:  13 reviews
Sales Rank: 106459
Media: Paperback
Number Of Items: 1
Pages: 144
Shipping Weight (lbs): 0.5
Dimensions (in): 8.3 x 5.4 x 0.4
ISBN: 0195139224
Dewey Decimal Number: 501
EAN: 9780195139228
ASIN: 0195139224
Publication Date: October 19, 2000
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Amazon.com
One fashionable school of thought holds that scientific revolutions are spurred primarily by shifts in the basic concepts that science understands the world with, and that those shifts are largely the outcome of struggles in the social and political realms. Freeman Dyson, however, is having none of it. For him, scientific breakthroughs owe just as much to the introduction of new technologies--the telescope in early modern Europe, for instance; the computer more recently. He's not the first to make that argument, but his lifetime of accomplishments as an eminent theoretical physicist puts some heft behind his claims. Dyson likewise argues that new technologies can have as much of an effect on the social and political realms as new ideologies do. In particular, he cites three burgeoning technologies--solar energy, genetic engineering, and the Internet--for their potential to affect a more equitable worldwide distribution of wealth and power in the coming century. His visions of the future meander a bit, and they include such seemingly outlandish possibilities as forests of genetically enhanced trees oozing high-octane fuel from their roots and laser-launched earthlings colonizing the comets of the Kuiper Belt. But it's the business of visionaries to be outlandish, after all, and you have to admit: this one does have better credentials than most. --Julian Dibbell
Product Description
In this visionary look into the future, Freeman Dyson argues that technological changes fundamentally alter our ethical and social arrangements and that three rapidly advancing new technologies--solar energy, genetic engineering, and world-wide communication--together have the potential to create a more equal distribution of the world's wealth.
Dyson begins by rejecting the idea that scientific revolutions are primarily concept driven. He shows rather that new tools are more often the sparks that ignite scientific discovery. Such tool-driven revolutions have profound social consequences--the invention of the telescope turning the Medieval world view upside down, the widespread use of household appliances in the 1950s replacing servants, to cite just two examples. In looking ahead, Dyson suggests that solar energy, genetics, and the Internet will have similarly transformative effects, with the potential to produce a more just and equitable society. Solar power could bring electricity to even the poorest, most remote areas of third world nations, allowing everyone access to the vast stores of information on the Internet and effectively ending the cultural isolation of the poorest countries. Similarly, breakthroughs in genetics may well enable us to give our children healthier lives and grow more efficient crops, thus restoring the economic and human vitality of village cultures devalued and dislocated by the global market.
Written with passionate conviction about the ethical uses of science, The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet is both a brilliant reinterpretation of the scientific process and a challenge to use new technologies to close, rather than widen, the gap between rich and poor.
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| Customer Reviews: Read 8 more reviews...
 reviewing the best science books avilable on line September 9, 2007
Very interesting little book for anyone interested in the future of scientific investigations. It is even better than other books by Freeman Dyson because, this time, the author has spared us of his religious inclinations.
 Excellent essay collxn by an outstanding scientist-write December 26, 2003
10 out of 10 found this review helpful
...---
Rating: "A/A+" -- another excellent essay collection by an
outstanding scientist-writer.
_The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet_ covers scientific
revolutions, technology & social justice, and the exploration &
colonization of space: familiar Dyson topics all, and delivered with
his usual grace. The three items in the title are Dyson's hope for
generating wealth in the world's poor villages: the sun for cheap
solar power, the Net to end rural isolation, and genetic engineering
for better crop plants. For example, he presents the hope of
engineering "trees that convert sunlight to liquid fuel and deliver
the fuel directly ...to underground pipelines." A neat solution to
declining oil reserves, if it works. Dyson cheerfully admits his
record as a prophet is mixed, but "it is better to be wrong than to be
vague."
Fresh and unexpected insights are a frequent pleasure in this
(and other) Dyson books. For instance, he describes his
mother and aunts, prosperous British matrons all, who, in the
interval between the World Wars, accomplished such things as
opening a birth-control clinic, managing a large hospital, winning
an Olympic medal, and pioneering aviation in Africa -- "it was
considered normal at the time for middle-class women to do
something spectacular." They were able to do this only with the
support of a large servant class. The introduction of labor-saving
appliances helped to emancipate the servants, but left middle-class
women less free than before, a general pattern, says Dyson: "the
burdens of equalization fall disproportionately on women."
Dyson is a lifelong space enthusiast, though things haven't gone
that well lately for space fans: "we look at the bewildered
cosmonauts struggling to survive in the Mir space station.
Obviously they are not going anywhere except, if they are lucky,
down." But in the long term, prospects are brighter, and await
finding a cheap way up and out of the gravity well (another
enduring Dyson insight). He reports recent successful tests of
a laser-launcher and a "ram accelerator", the latter a proposed 750-
foot gas-gun -- and a direct descendent of Jules Verne's cannon-
launched spacecraft in "From the Earth to the Moon"(1865). As in
all cheap launch methods, the trick is to keep the fuel on the
ground, not in the spacecraft. With cheap spacefight, people will
spread out into the solar system and beyond. Why? "Because it is
there" -- some folks just have itchy feet. Others will belong to
unpopular religions, or be on the run, or... any of the countless
other things that have always motivated emigrants.
Dyson, unusually for a theoretician, has always been more "tinker
than thinker". He cites Thomas Kuhn's classic _Structure of
Scientific Revolutions_ (1962, rev. ed. 1970) as an example of a
fellow-physicist with the opposite bent, emphasizing ideas over
things. Of course, both are important; but some of Kuhn's followers
put forward the idea that science is about power struggles, not new
ideas. Dyson once upbraided Kuhn about this at a conference. Kuhn
reacted angrily: "One thing you have to understand. I am not a
Kuhnian!"
Freeman Dyson is my favorite scientist-writer. I know of no one
else who combines his clarity of thought, graceful use of language,
big ideas expressed modestly, and sense of history. If you haven't yet
read Dyson, _The Sun, the Genome, and the Internet_ would be a
fine place to start. Highly recommended.
He is an emeritus professor
at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton University
and the author of many other books.
I would particularly recommend _Disturbing the Universe_ (1979)
and _Infinite in All Directions_ (1989), both among the very best
books ever written about science and its place in history, public
policy, and the exploration of space...
Review copyright 1999 Peter D. Tillman
http://www.sfsite.com/08b/sun63.htm
 Accessible, Thought-Provoking December 21, 2001
1 out of 1 found this review helpful
The title is misleading - the essay that addresses "the Sun, the Genome and the Interent" is only a small part of this short book. I found it the most interesting, though, which is probably why it is thus titled. Dyson paints a future world in which villages are repopulated through solar power processed by bio-engineered trees (which will provide the fuel), and the Interent (which will provide the connection to the larger world). A very simple, elegant idea. He addresses other issues here, too - the role of ethics in science, how to get into space cheaply, and the coming changes due to biotech. The biotech portion was very compelling, with speculation that we will soon be re-enigneering the human race. I have read such predictions before but Dyson does a good, thoughtful job here, and examines the implications.All in all, a good, economical book of lectures which you will finish quickly.
Just the tonic September 28, 2001
2 out of 4 found this review helpful
Dyson's future is a utopia based on advanced technology, the benefits of which are equitably distributed to all. Whilst somewhat politically naive, the book is compelling, and leaves the reader hungry for more detail.
A model of the future by a contemporary visionary August 8, 2001
3 out of 4 found this review helpful
This superb book by Freeman Dyson was largely based on the 'Three Faces of Science' lectures he gave at the New York Public Library in 1997. It consists of three chapters. CHAPTER 1: SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
Dyson revisits scientific disciplines that have come about as a result of brilliant minds exploring a previously unexisting path of research. In doing so, he makes an effort to extrapolate out of today's most rapidly growing areas of science (molecular biology and astronomy) what the future scientific revolutions might be like, and gives wise words of advise to medical scientists and biologists on how to make faster progress in their disciplines by changing some of their fundamental research paradigms, learning from the ways of astronomers. CHAPTER 2: TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
In more than one way, it reminds me of a very pivotal article written not too long ago by Sun Microsystem's Bill Joy in Wired Magazine, which dealt with genetic engineering, robotics and nanotechnology, and their ethical implications. Dyson's new list of important things for us to 'worry' about gave way to the book's title. He looks "for ways in which technology may contribute to social justice..." by mitigating evils such as rural poverty. This chapter is a brilliant exercise in which Dyson puts his mind to fly and actually makes his vision very easy to grasp by non-technical readers. When you read through the chapter you can almost feel that his vision is happening already, although there are some very real and respectable hurdles still separating us from it, which need to be overcome. CHAPTER 3: THE HIGH ROAD
Although the book consists of three chapters, the reason for the title is more aptly dealt with in chapters 1 and 2. Chapter 3 is a little out of context with respect to the original intention of the book, yet doesn't make the reader loose interest. In this chapter, Dyson makes an incredible analysis and extrapolation about the elements surrounding our ability to find life beyond the boundaries of our planet. He believes, on the other hand, that as much as one hundred years would have to pass before we're near being able to send a significant amount of human explorers to space. But he doesn't leave readers without hope for this 'distant' future, as he lets his mind fly once again: He explains some of the exciting possible technologies he sees making massive human space exploration happen. Finally, he wraps up chapter 3 with an ethical dissertation on the topics of cloning and reprogenetics (substituting chunks of live DNA with new, supposedly 'more desirable' chunks), closing it with the following brilliant yet slightly frightening words:
"To give us room to explore the varieties of mind and body into which our genome can evolve, one planet is not enough." After such as closing sentence in chapter 3, I have to admit that the epilogue seemed a little weak, going back to topics already well discussed in chapter 2. It is very easy throughout the entire book (which happens to take very little time to read, by the way) to be humbled by the ease with which Dyson deals with new scientific topics (for being a theoretical physicist, he jumps very easily, for example, from genetic engineering to space science) and the clarity he has (where some scientifics lack) in terms of the importance of maintaining the feet on the ground in the light of new scientific discoveries: how expensive will a new technology coming out of a discovery will be like, how many people will use it, etc. After the death of Richard Feynman (some of whose books are among the 'scientific' books I've enjoyed the most) I thought the world had been deprived of its most brilliant teacher of science. Now I know Dyson is still with us, and this one only promises to become the first of his books I will read.
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